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Brackley is a town in south Northamptonshire, England. It is about from Oxford and from Northampton. Historically a market town based on the wool and lace trade, it was built on the intersecting trade routes between London, Birmingham and the English Midlands and between Cambridge and Oxford. Brackley has connections with Formula 1 as it is close to Silverstone and home to the Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team. ==History== Brackley, originally also known as ''Brachelai'' or ''Brackele'', was held in 1086 by Earl Alberic. After this it passed to the Earl of Leicester, and to the families of De Quincy and Roland.〔(Online 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica entry for Brackley )〕 In the 11th and 12th centuries Brackley was in the Hundred of Odboldistow and in the Manor of Halse. Richard I (The Lionheart) named five official sites for jousting tournaments so that such events could not be used as local wars, and Brackley was one of these. The tournament site is believed to be to the south of the castle where the A422 now passes. Henry III attacked and destroyed the castle in 1173. The site was later granted to the Hospital of SS. James and John (see below). The town was the site of an important meeting between the barons and representatives of the King in 1215, the year of Magna Carta. Magna Carta required King John to proclaim rights, respect laws and accept that the King's wishes were subject to law. It explicitly protected certain rights of the King's subjects, whether freemen, serfs, slaves or prisoners — most notably allowing appeal against unlawful imprisonment. King John and the barons were to have signed Magna Carta at Brackley Castle, but they eventually did so at Runnymede. Market day was on Sundays until 1218, when it was changed to Wednesdays. It is now on Friday mornings. The Tudor antiquary John Leland visited Brackley, where he learned 'a Lord of the Towne' named Neville had (at an uncertain point in the past) had the parish vicar murdered. This he had done by having the man buried alive. The writer Daniel Codd observed that in the grounds of St Peter's Church, a human-shaped stone effigy is sometimes pointed out as being connected with the event. In 1597 the town was incorporated by Elizabeth I. It had a mayor, six aldermen and 26 burgesses. In 1602, the metaphysical poet John Donne was elected as Member of Parliament for the constituency of Brackley.〔Colclough, "Donne, John (1572–1631)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, October 2007 oxforddnb.com. Retrieved 18 May 2010〕 Brackley used to be known for wool and lace-making. In 1901 the population of the town was 2,467. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brackley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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